For as the ingress of food and the discharge of the residue
occur at distinct periods, so also must they necessarily occur in
distinct places. Thus there must be one receptacle for the ingoing
food and another for the useless residue, and between these,
therefore, a part in which the change from one condition to the
other may be effected. These, however, are matters which will be
more suitably set forth when we come to deal with Generation and
Nutrition. What we have at present to consider are the variations
presented by the stomach and its subsidiary parts. For neither in size
nor in shape are these parts uniformly alike in all animals. Thus
the stomach is single in all such sanguineous and viviparous animals
as have teeth in front of both jaws. It is single therefore in all the
polydactylous kinds, such as man, dog, lion, and the rest; in all
the solid-hoofed animals also, such as horse, mule, ass; and in all
those which, like the pig, though their hoof is cloven, yet have front
teeth in both jaws. When, however, an animal is of large size, and
feeds on substances of so thorny and ligneous a character as to be
difficult of concoction, it may in consequence have several
stomachs, as for instance is the case with the camel. A similar
multiplicity of stomachs exists also in the horned animals; the reason
being that horn-bearing animals have no front teeth in the upper
jaw.
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