Both wired and wireless links as well as a combination thereof are
conceivable for this purpose. As illustrated in Figure 13.1, the distribution network can be
divided into an injection tier, aggregating traffic from multiple mesh networks and a
backhaul tier, which aggregates traffic from all injection tiers and connects to the NOC.
Using a combination of dedicated P2P and P2MP links for the injection tier as well as
optical fiber or high-speed wireless links on the backhaul network, can help reduce the
overall cost of deployment and ownership of a municipal Wi-Fi network.
1 While intra-mesh traffic, e.g. first responder traffic, does not need to be routed to the NOC, authentication, and
in some cases dynamic IP configuration still requires interaction with services available at the NOC (RADIUS
server, DHCP server).
Metro-Scale Wi-Fi Networks 288
Figure 13.1: A multi-tier Wi-Fi network architecture. The figure shows the various tiers and
interconnection points as well as the network operations center. Mesh to injection layer
transition is accomplished by a mesh gateway connected via Ethernet to the mesh transceiver.
The injection transceiver to backhaul transition point (labeled Backhaul PoP) includes a router
with traffic shaping capabilities to satisfy network partitioning and QoS requirements
discussed in subsequent sections.
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